What condition does ST segment depression commonly represent?

ST segment depression is commonly associated with ischemia, which refers to an inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle. When ischemia occurs, it can cause changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG), particularly evident through ST segment depression. This phenomenon signifies that the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen during times of increased demand, such as during physical exertion or stress.

In the context of myocardial ischemia, the ST segment may drop below the baseline when the heart is experiencing reduced blood flow. This is an important indicator for healthcare providers, as it can prompt further investigation or immediate intervention to prevent potential complications, like a myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Other conditions, such as injury or hypertrophy, may have different ECG characteristics. Injury might manifest as ST segment elevation rather than depression, while ventricular hypertrophy is often associated with changes in the voltage and morphology of the QRS complex rather than the ST segment itself. Atrial flutter presents with a characteristic atrial rhythm and does not typically cause ST segment changes related to ischemia. Thus, recognizing ST segment depression as a sign of ischemia is crucial for diagnosing and managing patients effectively.