What defines eclampsia in a pregnant patient?

Eclampsia is defined by the occurrence of seizures or coma in a pregnant patient who has a history of preeclampsia, which involves high blood pressure and possible organ dysfunction. This condition represents a severe progression of preeclampsia and is a critical medical emergency, as it can lead to significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The seizures associated with eclampsia are typically generalized tonic-clonic seizures and can occur before, during, or after labor. Recognizing eclampsia promptly can help in initiating the necessary treatment to mitigate risks to both the mother and the baby, making it essential for healthcare providers to be aware of this defining symptom. Other conditions listed, such as severe nausea and vomiting, excessive swelling, and decreased fetal movement, can occur during pregnancy but do not specifically indicate eclampsia.