What does diffusion refer to in biological processes?

Diffusion is a fundamental biological process defined as the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient. This process occurs without the need for energy expenditure, making it a passive transport method. It is essential for various physiological functions, such as the uptake of nutrients by cells and the elimination of waste products.

In contexts like gas exchange in the lungs or the movement of substances in and out of cells, diffusion plays a crucial role, as it facilitates the timely and efficient transport of necessary molecules. Understanding diffusion is vital for comprehending other biological processes, as it underlies many cellular activities and physiological mechanisms.

The significance of this process cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts homeostasis within the body and the overall functioning of living organisms.