What is the flow rate and percentage of oxygen delivered by a nasal cannula?

A nasal cannula is a device commonly used in emergency medical services and healthcare settings to deliver supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress. The flow rate for a nasal cannula is typically in the range of 1 to 6 liters per minute (LPM). This range is effective for providing a comfortable concentration of oxygen for patients who may still be able to breathe on their own.

When using a nasal cannula at these flow rates, the percentage of oxygen delivered generally ranges from 24% to 44%. This is due to the fact that the room air, which contains about 21% oxygen, mixes with the oxygen provided through the cannula. The exact percentage can vary depending on the flow rate and the patient's breathing pattern. As the flow is increased, the fraction of oxygen inhaled also increases but remains within this range.

Understanding these values is crucial for paramedics and healthcare providers to effectively manage a patient's oxygen therapy, ensuring they receive the appropriate amount of oxygen based on their clinical needs.