What is the typical consequence of increased glucagon secretion?

Increased glucagon secretion typically leads to higher blood glucose levels. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and plays a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Its primary function is to increase blood glucose levels, especially during fasting or periods of low glucose availability.

When glucagon is secreted, it acts on the liver to stimulate glycogenolysis, the process by which glycogen is broken down into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources in the liver. These actions collectively work to elevate blood glucose levels, ensuring that the body has a sufficient supply of energy, particularly for vital organs like the brain.

While the hormonal interplay involving insulin, produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, is an important aspect of blood glucose regulation, increased glucagon specifically focuses on raising blood sugar levels in response to low glucose situations, contrasting with insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. Understanding the role of glucagon helps in recognizing its impact within the context of metabolic processes, particularly in situations like fasting or hypoglycemia.