Which physical finding may present in a patient with respiratory alkalosis?

Muscle spasms can occur in a patient with respiratory alkalosis due to the changes in blood chemistry caused by hyperventilation. In respiratory alkalosis, there is a decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, which leads to a resultant decrease in hydrogen ion concentration and an increase in blood pH. This can cause a shift in calcium binding, making it less available in the serum, which can contribute to neuromuscular excitability.

When the ionized calcium levels decrease, this can lead to symptoms such as muscle cramps, spasms, or tetany, which are all indicative of increased neuromuscular irritability. Additionally, patients may experience tingling sensations in their extremities or face, also known as paresthesia, but muscle spasms are the clear physical finding that can be directly linked to this condition.

In contrast, the other choices do not directly relate to respiratory alkalosis. Cold extremities may indicate peripheral vasoconstriction or shock, not specifically respiratory alkalosis. Blue-tinged lips are typically associated with hypoxia or cyanosis, which would not occur in a patient who is hyperventilating and likely receiving adequate oxygenation. A persistent cough is more indicative of respiratory conditions such