Which system is activated during times of stress according to the sympathetic nervous system?

The sympathetic nervous system is primarily responsible for initiating the body's "fight or flight" response during times of stress. This system is known as the adrenergic system because it primarily uses adrenergic neurotransmitters, specifically norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline), to prepare the body to respond to perceived threats.

When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, it leads to a variety of physiological changes, such as increased heart rate, dilation of airways, and the mobilization of energy stores. These changes are critical for quick responses to stressful situations. The adrenergic system is therefore central to these adaptations as it helps to enhance physical performance, increase alertness, and redirect blood flow to essential organs and muscles, ultimately improving an individual’s capability to handle stress or danger.

In contrast, the cholinergic system primarily functions in the parasympathetic nervous system, which is involved in promoting relaxation and rest. The vagal system also pertains to the parasympathetic nervous system and regulates calming responses. The neurotransmitter system is a broad term that encompasses various systems within the body, but it does not specifically address the stress response directly related to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This contextual understanding reinforces why the adrenergic