Which type of cells stimulate the release of glucagon?

Alpha cells are specialized cells located in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. Their primary function is to produce and secrete glucagon, a hormone that plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. When blood glucose levels drop, alpha cells respond by releasing glucagon into the bloodstream. This hormone then acts on the liver to stimulate the conversion of glycogen to glucose, thereby increasing blood sugar levels and ensuring that the body has a steady source of energy.

Understanding the role of alpha cells is essential, particularly in contexts such as diabetes management, where the regulation of blood glucose is vital. In contrast, beta cells are responsible for producing insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels; delta cells secrete somatostatin, which regulates the activity of both alpha and beta cells; and epsilon cells, although less commonly discussed, are involved in the production of ghrelin, a hormone that influences appetite. Each type of cell has its specific role in maintaining the body's metabolic balance.